Publications

Omid Kalantar

Research Article, Published in 2024

SCOPUS Q1

The present study examined factors affecting shyness in EFL classrooms. To this end, a sample of 124 students majoring in TEFL at Universidad Nacional de Educación in Ecuador was selected to respond to a standardized Shyness Scale (SS) and a Shyness Factors Questionnaire (SFQ). Employing a descriptive research design, the researcher used Descriptive Statistics to analyze the collected data using SPSS. The findings indicate that 65% of the participants are shy and battle with negative emotions such as embarrassment, anxiety, low self-confidence, fear of making mistakes, and fear of being judged when speaking in EFL classrooms. These feelings were found to be intensified by negative classroom experiences, such as peer ridicule and judgmental attitudes during their formative years, which lingered into their adulthood as well as present cultural and environmental factors including limited social exposure and high academic expectations from their families. The results of this study highlight the importance of student welfare and the impact of bullying and verbal abuse on shy EFL learners.

Book Review, Published in 2024

As an educator, my primary focus has always centered on research, teaching practices, and techniques in teaching English as a foreign language. However, reading The Future of English: Global Perspectives opened my eyes to a new world concerning the future of English, learning, and teaching. Will the pursuit of English language learning continue to hold its significance, or might it wane as other languages ascend in prominence? This is one of the eight questions posed in this book. These inquiries bear particular weight in a post-pandemic world where political tensions, conflicts, and the rise of artificial intelligence are the hot topics of the day. Commissioned by the British Council and supported by its global reach, the authors of this book have assembled experts from around the world to discuss critical issues such as the driving forces behind the demand for learning English language and the relevance of English teachers in the age of technology and artificial intelligence (AI). Their collective insights provide intriguing discussions and points of view about the future, and the authors have done a fantastic job in drawing conclusions from those discussions and providing answers to the posed questions.

Research Article, Published in 2024

This study sought to identify the challenges and needs of TOEFL iBT candidates in achieving C1 level scores in the speaking and writing sections of the exam. To this end, the researcher employed a mixed-method approach to collect data from a population of 46 students, both male and female, between the ages of 22 to 30. The participants were enrolled in two TOEFL preparation classes at Universidad Nacional de Educación. The data were collected through a survey, class observations, and TOEFL speaking and writing mock tests, and were subsequently analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings indicated that the participants encountered challenges in discussing unfamiliar topics fluently, struggled with producing language at the C1 level while employing a variety of grammar and vocabulary, and demonstrated reduced accuracy due to influences from their first language (L1). To address these challenges, it is recommended to offer a bridging course prior to exam preparation courses wherein the primary focus is devoted to enhancing candidates’ accuracy and communicative competence in discussing unfamiliar topics through corrective feedback. The findings of this study could offer valuable insights to TOEFL iBT test preparation instructors, enabling them to better understand the challenges students face and plan strategies to address these challenges effectively within preparation courses.
Book Cover of "Zone Out" authored by Omid Kalantar

zone out

Textbook, Published in 2021

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Due to the importance of fluency and accuracy in the speaking part of international exams such as TOEFL and IELTS, candidates need to be able to speak easily and without error to achieve a high score. However, most students demonstrate hesitation, grammatical inaccuracies, and low levels of fluency and accuracy when they sign up for exam preparation courses, which may lead to undesired exam results. To avoid this, a bridging course to fill the gap and enhance candidates’ fluency and accuracy before taking preparation classes or the exam seems essential. 

Zone Out is a bridging course that focuses on improving candidates’ fluency and accuracy using corrective feedback methods. It is a framework in which teachers are equipped with the tools and guidelines necessary to help students speak fluently, accurately, and without hesitation. The Zone Out approach encourages students to prepare and plan for class discussions before the class, engage in exciting debates on controversial topics during the class, and receive corrective feedback during and at the end of the class to improve their fluency and accuracy in a stress-free environment. 

The Zone Out approach works in three stages: active planning before the class, reaping the benefits of zoning out and speaking in a stress-free environment during the class, and receiving corrective feedback at the end of the class. By planning and preparing for class discussions, learners retrieve passive information from their long-term memory to express their opinion in class. Such preparation activates students’ passive linguistic knowledge and the complex grammar they have always known but never used in their speaking. During the class, teachers lead an exciting discussion to make sure students feel comfortable to speak and express their ideas, and finally, corrective feedback is provided at the end of the class to help students overcome their speaking errors and further enhance their speaking skills.

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ESP Needs Analysis for basketball professionals

Master's thesis, published in 2018

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This study investigated the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) needs of the Iranian basketball community. For this purpose, three groups of basketball professionals including players, referees, and coaches were surveyed using three distinct survey questionnaires. The results indicated that all groups highly value the importance of English fluency for professional development and desire instruction in all language skills. However, coaches prefer technical English functions, and referees place more importance on reading and writing. Finally, the results of this study highlight the need for a specialized ESP courses for this community.